Arizona Proving Ground, Arizona

A major automotive R&D test track, located in Wittmann, north of Phoenix. It was built in 1985 for the Volvo company, which used it until Ford took it over in 2009. It has several different types of track, including a 2.2 mile high speed oval, a 2.1 mile long straightaway, a 2.6 mile long low speed windy track, a 12 acre wet pad, and many dirt track and rough road test areas. It is also known as the Arizona Proving Ground, and is one of around a dozen such tracks in Arizona and California.