Motiva Port Arthur, Texas

Currently the largest refinery in the U.S., with a total capacity of 600,000 barrels per day. The Port Arthur Refinery covers 3,600 acres, and was established in 1903 as Texaco's first refinery, in order to process crude from the nearby fields around Spindletop. In 1989, the Saudi Refining Company entered a joint partnership with Texaco to operate the refinery, as a company called Motiva. After Texaco was purchased by Chevron, in 2001, the company's 50% share was sold to Shell. The refinery employs around 2,000 people, producing gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and a number of petrochemical base materials. The plant is connected to multiple crude oil and distillate pipelines, which carry its products to the East Coast, Midwest, and various parts of Texas.